Unit stills photography is a specialised field that combines the art of photography with the dynamic energy of film and television production. It's about capturing the essence of production: the intense emotions of actors, the intricate details of costume and set design, and the behind-the-scenes moments that tell a story beyond the screen. If you're looking to pivot your photography career into this exciting realm, you likely have a ton of questions. Let's dive into some of the most common queries and demystify the path to becoming a unit stills photographer.

1. What is a Unit Stills Photographer?

A unit stills photographer captures high-quality images on film and TV sets during production. From behind the scenes to publicity images (ie trying to mimic what the camera is seeing) These photographs are used for marketing, social media, promotional materials, and archival purposes. Unlike other forms of photography, unit stills require a deep understanding of the filmmaking process and the ability to capture the essence of a scene without disrupting the production workflow.

2. What Equipment is Needed?

The right gear is crucial. A high-resolution camera capable of handling low light situations is a must, as much of the filming may occur indoors or at night. Fast lenses (f/1.4, f/2.8) are ideal for shallow depth of field and low light conditions. Silent shooting modes (i.e mirrorless cameras usually offer this capability) or sound blimps are also necessary to avoid disrupting filming. Additionally, a variety of lenses, from wide-angle to telephoto, ensures you can capture a wide range of shots.

I’ve started taking some stills on film but this is a rare occurrence and only because I’ve become close with the cast I’m working with who have allowed it.

3. How Do I Break into Unit Stills Photography?

Breaking in requires a blend of skill, networking, and timing.

Start by building a portfolio that showcases your ability to capture candid moments, emotions, and detailed compositions. Networking is key; attend film festivals, join film and photography groups, and connect with industry professionals on social media.

The biggest step forward is offering to work on your local short films, message your local uni or college who study film and TV. Start messaging smaller productions or independent films, it can help you gain valuable experience and build your portfolio until your next steps of getting in touch with publicists.

4. What Skills are Essential for Success?

Beyond technical photography skills, you need to understand set etiquette, be able to work under pressure, and communicate effectively with different departments. Discretion, patience, and the ability to anticipate and capture fleeting moments are also critical. A big skill set is also just common sense, understanding social nuances so you can know when to shoot or when to take a break and let things settle before approaching again.

5. How Do I Build a Portfolio for Unit Stills?

Your portfolio should highlight your ability to tell a story through your images. Include behind-the-scenes shots, character portraits, and scenes that capture the mood and atmosphere of a production. If you're new to the field, creating spec work for student films or local theater productions can be a good start.

6. What is the Workflow on Set?

The workflow can vary, but generally, you'll work closely with publicity and production team to understand the shots needed. You must be unobtrusive, often capturing images during actual takes or quickly setting up shots in between takes. Flexibility and a keen sense of timing are crucial, as you navigate between capturing candid moments and staged promotional shots.

7. How Do You Handle Image Rights and Usage?

Typically, the production company owns the rights to the images you take. However, contracts can vary, so it's essential to discuss usage rights, including for your portfolio, before starting. Understanding the terms of your agreement ensures that both you and the production company are clear on how images can be used.

8. What are the Networking and Marketing Strategies?

Building a strong online presence through a professional website and social media platforms is vital. LinkedIn, Instagram and cold emailing can be excellent places to showcase your work and connect with potential clients. Word of mouth is also the most powerful in the film industry, so delivering exceptional work and maintaining good relationships with each production team can lead to more opportunities.

9. How to Negotiate Contracts and Rates?

Research standard rates for unit stills photographers in your region and level of experience. Be prepared to negotiate your fee based on the production size, location, duration, and your workload. Always get your agreement in writing, specifying the scope of work, deliverables, usage rights, and payment terms. BECTU is the UK based union, it is good to stick to their suggested rates so it’s not a race to the bottom. Most productions will work off what we call ‘bands’ of budget. Working closely to this will help everyone.

10. What are the Challenges and How to Overcome Them?

Challenges include working in low light, capturing fast-moving action, and navigating tight spaces without disrupting filming. Practice shooting in various conditions, invest in the right gear, and always be prepared to adapt. Building a rapport with the cast and crew can also help you navigate the set more effectively. And accept that some days, some productions, some cast won’t let you do your job effectively and you might not be able to change that, accept and move on.

11. Continuing Education and Professional Development?

The industry is always evolving, so staying updated on the latest photography and film technologies is crucial. Workshops, online courses, and industry conferences can help you hone your skills and stay ahead of the curve. Speak to other photographers too, sometimes they’ll offer advice on camera upgrades, whether it’s worth it etc.

12. How to Maintain Relationships with Production Companies and Crews?

Professionalism is key. Deliver high-quality work on time, be respectful and discreet on set, and communicate effectively. Follow up after a project with a thank-you note and keep in touch through professional channels. Positive, ongoing relationships are essential for securing future projects.

Embarking on a career as a unit stills photographer is both challenging and rewarding. It offers the unique opportunity to blend your passion for photography with the vibrant world of film and television. By addressing these common questions and continuously honing your skills, you can carve out a successful niche in this exciting field. Remember, every shot you take not only captures a moment in time but also plays a crucial role in bringing the magic of cinema and television to life.